Doing More with SunOS

1.0 Files

1.1 Filename Substitution

Wild Cards		? and *
Character Class		[c...]
   Rangle		[c-c]

c is any single character.

String Class		{str{,str]}

str is a combination of characters, wild cards, embedded
character classes and embedded string classes.

Home Directory		/home/user_name
List Hidden Files	ls -la

1.2 File Properties

Seeing Permissions 	ls -l filename

Changing Permissions	chmod nnn filename
			chmod c=p...[,c=p...] filename

n, a digit form 0 to 7, sets the access level for the user
(owner), group, and others (public), respectively. 
c is one of: u - user, g - group, o - others; or a - all.
p is one of: r - read access, w - write access,
or x - execute access.


Setting Default Permissions 	unmask ugo

ugo is a (3-digit) number. Each digit restricts the default
permissions for the user, group and others, respectively.

Changing Modification Time	touch filename

Making Links	(hard)		ln oldname newname
		(symbolic)	ln -s oldname newname

Seeing File Types		ls -F

1.3 Searching with more

Run more 			more filenames
   Next	Line			RETURN key
   Next 11 Lines		d
   Next Page 			SPACE BAR key
   Search for Pattern		/pattern
   Next Occurrence		n
   Next File			:n

1.4 The Directory Stack

Change Directory, Push		pushd directory
Change to Top Directory, Pop 	popd 
Show Stack			dirs

2.0 Commands

2.1 Command-Line Special Characters

	
Join Words					"..."
Suppress Filename, Variable Substititions	'...'
Escape Character				\

Command Separation 				;
Command-Line Continuation			\RETURN

2.2 I/O Redirection and Pipes

Standard Output			>
				>!

Appending to Standard Output	>>
				>>!

Standard Input			<
Standard Error and Output	>&
Standard Error Separately
	( command > output ) >& errorfile
Pipes/Pipelines 	command | filter [ | filter ]...
Duplicating Displayed Output
			command | tee filename

Word/Line Count			wc [-l]
First n Line			head [-n]
Last n Lines			tail [-n]
Skip to Line n 			tail [+n]
Show Nonprinting Characters	cat -v
Sort Lines			sort [-n]
Format Paragraphs		fmt
Reverse Character Order		rev
Multicolumn Output		pr -t
List Spelling Errors		spell
Substitutions in Output Stream	sed -e "s/pattern/string/[g]"
Report-Generation		awk

2.3 Searching with grep

grep Command		grep "pattern" filename 
			command | grep "pattern"


grep Search Patterns
  beginning of line			^
  end of line				$
  any single character			.
  singe character in list or range	[...]
  character not in list or range	[^...]
  zero or more of preceding character
       or pattern			*
  zero or more of any character		.*
  escapes special meaning		\

3.0 C-Shell Features

Set Up History List			set history=n
See History List			history [-h]

Repeat Previous Command			!!
Display Previous Command		!!:p
Command Line n				!n
n Commands Back 			!-n
Command Beginning with str		!str
Command Containing str			!?str[?]
All arguments to Previous Command	!*
First argument to Previous Command	!^
Last argument to Previous Command	!$
n'th Argument				!:n

All Arguments				:*
First Arguments				:^
Last Arguments				:$
n'th Argument				:n
Arguments x Through y			:x-y

Print Command Line			:p
Substitute Command Line			:[g][s]/l/r/

3.2 Aliases

alias Command				alias name 'definition'

definition can contain escaped history substitutions, event and
word designators as placeholders for command-line arguments.

3.3 Variable Substitution

Creating a Variable 		set var
Assigning a Value		set var = value
Expressing (Using) a Value	$var
Displaying a Value		echo var

value is a single word, and expression in quotes, or an
expression that results in a single word after variable, 
filename, and command substitution takes place.

Assigning a List		set var = (list)

list is a space-separated list of words, or an expresssion
that results in a space-separated list.

Selecting the n'th Item		$var[n]
Selecting all Items 		$var
Selecting a Range		$var[x-y]
Item Count			$#var

Start foreach Loop		foreach var (list)

foreach prompts for commands to repeat for each item in
list (with >), until you type end. Within the loop,
$var stands for the current iterm in list.

Replace Command with its Output on the Command Line	`...`

Run Command in the Background 		&
Stop Foreground Job			CONTROL-Z
List of Background Jobs			jobs
Bring Job into Foreground		%[n]

Listing					ps -[aux]
Terminating				kill [-9] PID
Timing					time command
Scheduling				at time[a|p] script

time is a number up to 4 digits. script is the name
of a file containing the command line(s) to perform.

Seeing Who Is Logged In			who
					w

Changing identities			su [username]
Seeing Your User Name			whoami	
					who am i
					who is this 
					id

Standard Commands		whereis filename
Aliases and Commands		which command
Describe Command		whatis  filename
Searching Out Files		find dir -name name -print

dir is a directory name within which to search. name is
a filename to search for.

Comparing Files			diff leftfile rightfile

diff prefixes a left angle-bracket (<) to selected lines from
leftfile and a right angle-bracket (>) to lines from
rightfile.